b03b206 Fix CI-detected codespell warnings (Lőrinc)

Pull request description:

  Split out the typo fixes encountered in #29458 to a separate PR.

ACKs for top commit:
  maflcko:
    ACK b03b206

Tree-SHA512: 99b6fac01ba2ae6e6de9c50d2b481387899844a4b3a77d544c7b8afe7cfd25251a982329688d4739cde8b98ad35afcfd49be7c7cc3dad9bdff1d5915861a206d

6f2f4a4 Reserve memory for ToLower/ToUpper conversions (Lőrinc)

Pull request description:

  Similarly to #29458, we're preallocating the result string based on the input string's length.
  The methods were already [covered by tests](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/src/test/util_tests.cpp#L1250-L1276).

ACKs for top commit:
  tdb3:
    ACK for 6f2f4a4
  maflcko:
    lgtm ACK 6f2f4a4
  achow101:
    ACK 6f2f4a4
  Empact:
    Code Review ACK 6f2f4a4
  stickies-v:
    ACK 6f2f4a4

Tree-SHA512: e3ba7af77decdc73272d804c94fef0b11028a85f3c0ea1ed6386672611b1c35fce151f02e64f5bb5acb5ba506aaa54577719b07925b9cc745143cf5c7e5eb262

…coding

07f6417 Reduce memory copying operations in bech32 encode (Lőrinc)
d5ece3c Reserve hrp memory in Decode and LocateErrors (Lőrinc)

Pull request description:

  Started optimizing the base conversions in [TryParseHex](#29458), [Base58](#29473) and [IsSpace](#29602) - this is the next step.

  Part of this change was already merged in #30047, which made decoding `~26%` faster.

  Here I've reduced the memory reallocations and copying operations in bech32 encode, making it `~15%` faster.

  >  make && ./src/bench/bench_bitcoin --filter='Bech32Encode' --min-time=1000

  Before:
  ```
  |             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
  |--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
  |               19.97 |       50,074,562.72 |    0.1% |      1.06 | `Bech32Encode`
  ```

  After:
  ```
  |             ns/byte |              byte/s |    err% |     total | benchmark
  |--------------------:|--------------------:|--------:|----------:|:----------
  |               17.33 |       57,687,668.20 |    0.1% |      1.10 | `Bech32Encode`
  ```

ACKs for top commit:
  josibake:
    ACK 07f6417
  sipa:
    utACK 07f6417
  achow101:
    ACK 07f6417

Tree-SHA512: 511885217d044ad7ef2bdf9203b8e0b94eec8b279bc193bb7e63e29ab868df6d21e9e4c7a24390358e1f9c131447ee42039df72edcf1e2b11e1856eb2b3e10dd

…versions

6f2f4a4 Reserve memory for ToLower/ToUpper conversions (Lőrinc)

Pull request description:

  Similarly to bitcoin#29458, we're preallocating the result string based on the input string's length.
  The methods were already [covered by tests](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/src/test/util_tests.cpp#L1250-L1276).

ACKs for top commit:
  tdb3:
    ACK for 6f2f4a4
  maflcko:
    lgtm ACK 6f2f4a4
  achow101:
    ACK 6f2f4a4
  Empact:
    Code Review ACK bitcoin@6f2f4a4
  stickies-v:
    ACK 6f2f4a4

Tree-SHA512: e3ba7af77decdc73272d804c94fef0b11028a85f3c0ea1ed6386672611b1c35fce151f02e64f5bb5acb5ba506aaa54577719b07925b9cc745143cf5c7e5eb262

…versions

6f2f4a4 Reserve memory for ToLower/ToUpper conversions (Lőrinc)

Pull request description:

  Similarly to bitcoin#29458, we're preallocating the result string based on the input string's length.
  The methods were already [covered by tests](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/src/test/util_tests.cpp#L1250-L1276).

ACKs for top commit:
  tdb3:
    ACK for 6f2f4a4
  maflcko:
    lgtm ACK 6f2f4a4
  achow101:
    ACK 6f2f4a4
  Empact:
    Code Review ACK bitcoin@6f2f4a4
  stickies-v:
    ACK 6f2f4a4

Tree-SHA512: e3ba7af77decdc73272d804c94fef0b11028a85f3c0ea1ed6386672611b1c35fce151f02e64f5bb5acb5ba506aaa54577719b07925b9cc745143cf5c7e5eb262

…versions

6f2f4a4 Reserve memory for ToLower/ToUpper conversions (Lőrinc)

Pull request description:

  Similarly to bitcoin#29458, we're preallocating the result string based on the input string's length.
  The methods were already [covered by tests](https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/src/test/util_tests.cpp#L1250-L1276).

ACKs for top commit:
  tdb3:
    ACK for 6f2f4a4
  maflcko:
    lgtm ACK 6f2f4a4
  achow101:
    ACK 6f2f4a4
  Empact:
    Code Review ACK bitcoin@6f2f4a4
  stickies-v:
    ACK 6f2f4a4

Tree-SHA512: e3ba7af77decdc73272d804c94fef0b11028a85f3c0ea1ed6386672611b1c35fce151f02e64f5bb5acb5ba506aaa54577719b07925b9cc745143cf5c7e5eb262

…ent-vector errors

11f3bc2 refactor: Reserve vectors in fuzz tests (Lőrinc)
152fefe refactor: Preallocate PrevectorFillVector(In)Direct without vector resize (Lőrinc)
a774c7a refactor: Fix remaining clang-tidy performance-inefficient-vector errors (Lőrinc)

Pull request description:

  PR inspired by #29608 (comment) (and #29458, #29606, #29607, #30093).

  The `clang-tidy` check can be run via:
  ```bash
  cmake -B build -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=ON -DBUILD_BENCH=ON -DBUILD_FUZZ_BINARY=ON -DBUILD_FOR_FUZZING=ON && cmake --build build -j$(nproc)

  run-clang-tidy -quiet -p build -j $(nproc) -checks='-*,performance-inefficient-vector-operation' | grep -v 'clang-tidy'
  ```
  which revealed 3 tests and 1 prod warning (+ fuzz and benching, found by hebasto).
  Even though the tests aren't performance critical, getting rid of these warnings (for which the checks were already enabled via https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/src/.clang-tidy#L18, see below), the fix was quite simple.

  <details>
  <summary>clang-tidy -list-checks</summary>

  ```bash
  cd src && clang-tidy -list-checks | grep 'vector'
      performance-inefficient-vector-operation
  ```

  </details>

  <details>
  <summary>Output before the change</summary>

  ```
  src/test/rpc_tests.cpp:434:9: error: 'emplace_back' is called inside a loop; consider pre-allocating the container capacity before the loop [performance-inefficient-vector-operation,-warnings-as-errors]
    433 |     for (int64_t i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
    434 |         feerates.emplace_back(1 ,1);
        |         ^

  src/test/checkqueue_tests.cpp:366:13: error: 'emplace_back' is called inside a loop; consider pre-allocating the container capacity before the loop [performance-inefficient-vector-operation,-warnings-as-errors]
    365 |         for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
    366 |             tg.emplace_back(
        |             ^

  src/test/cuckoocache_tests.cpp:231:9: error: 'emplace_back' is called inside a loop; consider pre-allocating the container capacity before the loop [performance-inefficient-vector-operation,-warnings-as-errors]
    228 |     for (uint32_t x = 0; x < 3; ++x)
    229 |         /** Each thread is emplaced with x copy-by-value
    230 |         */
    231 |         threads.emplace_back([&, x] {
        |         ^

  src/rpc/output_script.cpp:127:17: error: 'push_back' is called inside a loop; consider pre-allocating the container capacity before the loop [performance-inefficient-vector-operation,-warnings-as-errors]
    126 |             for (unsigned int i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
    127 |                 pubkeys.push_back(HexToPubKey(keys[i].get_str()));
        |                 ^
  ```

  And the fuzz and benchmarks, noticed by hebasto: #31305 (comment)

  </details>

ACKs for top commit:
  maflcko:
    review ACK 11f3bc2 🎦
  achow101:
    ACK 11f3bc2
  theuni:
    ACK 11f3bc2
  hebasto:
    ACK 11f3bc2, tested with clang 19.1.5 + clang-tidy.

Tree-SHA512: 41691c19f35c63b922a95407617a54f9bff1af3f95f99d15642064f321df038aeb1ae5f061f854ed913f69036807cc28fa6222b2ff4c24ef43b909027fa0f9b3