While attempting to trace down why wp plugin update --all is randomly missing some paid/premium plugin updates I discovered that WP CLI will only update plugins found in site_transient_update_plugins whereas the admin page wp-admin/update-core.php seems to be more forgiving and will update all plugins. I'll list steps to repeat. Warning this will include paid plugins however this scenario applies broadly for a wider range of plugins not just my sample set.

Reproduce steps

• Install User Role Editor Pro v4.47.1 (old version)
• Install WooCommerce Subscriptions v2.3.1 (old version)
• Visit wp-admin/update-core.php will show both have updates however User Role Editor Pro never makes it into site_transient_update_plugins as shown by running wp eval "var_dump( array_keys( get_option('_site_transient_update_plugins')->response ) );".
• Running wp plugin update --dry-run --all will only update WooCommerce Subscriptions while wp-admin/update-core.php will successfully update both plugins.

Any ideas why the wp-admin/update-core.php is able to update all plugins even buggy ones which never make it into the site_transient_update_plugins? Maybe there is someway to trick wp cli to include these rogue plugins?