Implement an algorithm to check whether a k-regular sequence is bounded.

See also Meta ticket #21202.

Depends on #21343

CC: @dkrenn

Component: combinatorics

Author: Gabriel Lipnik

Branch/Commit: u/dkrenn/k-regular-bounded @ ad011e3

Reviewer: Daniel Krenn

Issue created by migration from https://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/22964