Environment

Node version: v22.13.1
npm version: 11.2.0
Local ESLint version: 9.25.1
Global ESLint version: no
Operating System: Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS

What parser are you using?

Default (Espree)

What did you do?

• package.json

  {
    "name": "testcase",
    "version": "0.0.0",
    "dependencies": {
      "eslint": "9.25.1"
    }
  }

• index.js

  console.log("foo");

• lint.js

  import { ESLint } from "eslint";
  
  const eslint = new ESLint({ overrideConfigFile: true });
  const results = await eslint.lintFiles(["index.js"]);

1. npm install
2. node --permission --allow-fs-read '*' lint.js

What did you expect to happen?

ESLint doesn't crash.

What actually happened?

node:internal/fs/promises:1064
  return await PromisePrototypeThen(
               ^

TypeError: Method Promise.prototype.then called on incompatible receiver undefined
    at then (<anonymous>)
    at Object.unlink (node:internal/fs/promises:1064:16)
    at ESLint.lintFiles (/home/regseb/testcase/node_modules/eslint/lib/eslint/eslint.js:706:14)
    at file:///home/regseb/testcase/lint.js:4:30
    at ModuleJob.run (node:internal/modules/esm/module_job:271:25)
    at async onImport.tracePromise.__proto__ (node:internal/modules/esm/loader:547:26)
    at async asyncRunEntryPointWithESMLoader (node:internal/modules/run_main:116:5)

Node.js v22.13.1

Link to Minimal Reproducible Example

See What did you do?

https://eslint.org/play/#eyJ0ZXh0Ij...I6e319fX19

Participation

• I am willing to submit a pull request for this issue.

Additional comments

I try to run linters with read-only permissions, but ESLint crashes. ESLint tries to delete the cache (which doesn't exist), but it doesn't have write access: so Node doesn't give it permission.

I think ESLint should delete the cache only if it exists. Or check for permission (need Node v20+): process.permission.has("fs.write", cacheFilePath). Adding a condition to the catch seems difficult, as it's hard to identify this error. It's an instance of TypeError and has no code.