* Add no-optionals and full-optionals test runs

This restructures the CI slightly to perform a complete "no-optionals"
run, and a complete "all optionals" run (for the optionals that are
readily accessible as Python packages, without complex additional
setup).  Previously, we only did a partial test with some of the oldest
optional components, which could have allowed for behaviour to
accidentally require optional components without us noticing.

This splits the `requirements-dev.txt` file into two; lines that remain
in the file are what is actually _required_ to run the test suite,
run the style checks, and do the documentation build.  The rest (and
everything that was missing) is added to a new
`requirements-optional.txt` file, which can be used to pull in (almost)
all of the packages that Terra can use to provide additional /
accelerated functionality.

Several tests needed to gain additional skips to account for this
change.  There is a good chance that some tests are missing skips for
some libraries that are not the first point of failure, but it's hard to
test explicitly for these in one go.

* Fix typo in coverage workflow

* Try relaxing ipython constraints

* Squash newly exposed lint failures

* Fix typo in tutorials pipeline

* Update the 'also update' comments

* Remove unneeded qiskit-toqm dependency

* Section requirements-optional.txt

* Test all optionals on min not max Python version

Optionals are generally more likely to have been made available on the
older Pythons, and some may take excessively long to provide wheels for
the latest versions of Python.

* Add missing test skip

* Fix optional call

* Use correct boolean syntax

* Fix tests relying on Jupyter

* Install ipykernel in tutorials

* Remove HAS_PDFLATEX skip from quantum_info tests

For simple LaTeX tests, IPython/Jupyter can handle the compilation
internally using MathJax, and doesn't actually need a `pdflatex`
installation.  We only need that when we're depending on LaTeX libraries
that are beyond what MathJax can handle natively.

* Include additional tutorials dependencies

* Install all of Terra's optionals in tutorial run

* Do not install all optionals in docs build

* Use class-level skips where appropriate

* Do not install ibmq-provider in tutorials run

* Include matplotlib in docs requirements

* Remove unnecessary whitespace

* Split long pip line

* Only install graphviz when installOptionals

Co-authored-by: Eric Arellano <14852634+Eric-Arellano@users.noreply.github.com>

* Install visualization extras in docs build

* Don't `--upgrade` when installing optionals

This is to prevent any optionals that have a dependency on Terra from
potentially upgrading it to some PyPI version during their installation.
This shouldn't happen with the current development model of having only
one supported stable branch and the main branch, but the `-U` is
unnecessary, and not having it is safer for the future.

* Update secondary installation of Terra in docs build

* Install all optionals during the docs build

I yoyo-ed on this, not wanting it to be too onerous to build the
documentation, but in the end, we need to have the optional features
installed in order to build most of the documentation of those features,
and some unrelated parts of the documentation may use these features to
enhance their own output.

* Fix test setup job

* Remove duplication of matplotlib in requirements files

* Update image test installation command

* Restore editable build

* Move `pip check` to `pip` section

* Remove redundant "post-install" description

* Expand comment on first-stage choices

* pytohn lol

---------

Co-authored-by: Eric Arellano <14852634+Eric-Arellano@users.noreply.github.com>
(cherry picked from commit 0438a4b)